Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o padrão de consumo de substâncias psicoativas e o conhecimento das consequências do uso de álcool, maconha e cocaína de estudantes de graduação em enfermagem no primeiro e no último ano do curso. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal, com 141 graduandos de enfermagem de uma universidade pública do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Para coleta dos dados foram utilizados o Questionário para Triagem do Uso de Álcool, Tabaco e outras Substâncias e um questionário sobre o conhecimento das consequências do uso de álcool, maconha e cocaína. Para análise, foram aplicados o teste Exato de Fisher, o Qui-quadrado de Pearson e o Teste t de Student. Resultados: o álcool e a maconha foram as substâncias mais consumidas pelos estudantes. Quanto às consequências do uso de álcool, maconha e cocaína, a maioria alcançou mais de 50% de acertos, considerado um bom conhecimento, sendo que 86,5% obtiveram mais da metade de acertos em relação ao álcool, 68,8% para a maconha e 76,6% para a cocaína. Quanto à média dos escores sobre o conhecimento de tais consequências entre os alunos ingressantes e aqueles do último ano, encontrou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa para o álcool (p=0,026) e a cocaína (p<0,001), sendo que os alunos do último ano atingiram maiores escores. Conclusão: a hipótese de que o conhecimento das consequências do consumo de drogas interfere no uso foi confirmada apenas para a maconha. Os resultados possibilitam repensar a importância da revisão de conteúdos sobre a temática aos alunos de graduação em enfermagem.
Highlights
The use of legal and illegal drugs has occurred throughout history affecting personal, social, religious and political aspects of life and has been a major challenge in both developed and developing countries because of harmful use and the numerous associated social and health problems among different population groups.[1,2]This challenge has been observed in universities because of the permissive behavior of students in relation to the use of legal and illegal drugs.[3,4,5] Over the course of their degrees, students are faced with a variety of personal and academic demands, making them vulnerable to adopting harmful behavior during this period of life
Three instruments were used for data collection: a description of socio-demographic variables, prepared on the basis of minimum social indicators described by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE); the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST); and a questionnaire on the knowledge of the consequences of the use of alcohol, marijuana and cocaine developed by the group of researchers of the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) in partnership with Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) of Toronto, Canada, 2012-2013.13-15
This tool was developed using the list of consequences of drug use in the ASSIST manual citing the implications of alcohol, marijuana and cocaine use and in the Adverse Consequences of Substance Use Scale (ACSUS).[16,17]
Summary
The use of legal and illegal drugs has occurred throughout history affecting personal, social, religious and political aspects of life and has been a major challenge in both developed and developing countries because of harmful use and the numerous associated social and health problems among different population groups.[1,2] This challenge has been observed in universities because of the permissive behavior of students in relation to the use of legal and illegal drugs.[3,4,5] Over the course of their degrees, students are faced with a variety of personal and academic demands, making them vulnerable to adopting harmful behavior during this period of life. Access to information is still limited and may affect knowledge about the consequences of both legal and illegal drug use.[8,9]
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