Consumer Policy in the European Community: Before and After Maastricht

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which the Treaty on European Union agreed at Maastricht will alter European Community consumer protection law and policy. Two aspects of the Treaty have attracted most interest from the consumer viewpoint: the potential forward impetus resulting from the inclusion in the Treaty of a specific Title devoted to consumer protection and the potential reverse impetus of the principle of subsidiarity. The paper surveys the broad scope of Community consumer protection law and policy and analyses subsidiarity as a means for sharpening the debate about responsibility for regulating the Community, not as a basis for renationalisation of Community competence. The paper attempts to build alongside the process of market integration a set of enforceable consumer rights to market regulation. This, more than the new Title, could give real shape to the notion of consumer rights, which in the earlier development of Community law has arisen only in the context of the consumer as the passive beneficiary of free trade.