Consumer perception and preference toward plant-based meat alternatives – Bibliometric trends and policy implications

Abstract

BackgroundPlant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) could be a promising source for protein intake and reduce the dependence on unsustainable meat production and consumption. However, the concern about the production and processing of PBMAs persists, besides the consumers' attitude. The opinion about scientific evidence among stakeholders on the promotion of PBMAs differ. This study presents the trends in consumer perception and preference toward PBMAs and suggests a facilitating policy framework for promoting consumption. Scope and approachThe study mainly focused on (1) exploring the publication trends, geographic focus of research, and a comprehensive review of the consumers’ perception of and preference for PBMAs, (2) identifying PBMAs research hotspots and emerging themes, (3) evaluating the wholistic nature of PBMAs research, and (4) offering policy framework for the promotion of production and consumption of the PBMAs. Bibliometric analysis was performed using the Scopus database sourcing literature published till December 2022 and analyzing the identified 1964 publications deploying VOSviewer software through the topic-based search strategy of phrases corresponding to PBMAs perception and preference. Key findings and conclusionsThe search query retrieved 1964 publications that showed an increasing trend in research on consumers’ preference towards PBMAs. The positive affirmation by consumers is mainly by personal decisions on health benefits, a shift to veganism, ethical concerns, and sustainability. The preference was in proportion to the articulation of the possible merits of the PBMAS, price discounts, and media-influenced consumption. The USA, China, and Germany led, respectively, in active institutions, per research output and per capita GDP publication. The chief sources of funds for research on PBMAs consumption, perception, and attitudes were the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the European Commission, and the National Key Research and Development Program of China. Research outputs on PBMA foods, consumers' acceptance, and preferences are mounting; however, the United States Department of Agriculture and Wageningen University led in the publications revealing that rigorous research efforts for producing and promoting PBMAs need to be executed in developing economies. Although research output on PBMAs food, consumers’ acceptance and preferences are increasing, a majority of publications emerge from organizations in developed nations like the United States Department of Agriculture and Wageningen University. The research effort is yet to be intensified to produce and promote PBMAs in developing countries. We suggest a policy framework to be implemented by the stakeholders to ensure the production and consumption of PBMAs as well as to promote such products on the sustainability front.