Abstract
Organizing technological processes in accordance with adopted system of agriculture, producers of agricultural products tend to get maximum possible yield with minimizing costs and increasing the level of soil fertility. A fallow system is one of effective systems of soil processing for accumulation of nutrients and moisture, as well as weed control. Fallow cultivation of soil is used when using this system for weed control. First cultivation is carried out with help of fallow or continuous cultivators, which have low productivity and high energy intensity. To eliminate these shortcomings, authors proposed a structural and technological scheme of a rotor-lug cultivator, the main element of which is rotor-string working bodies on flexible shaft. Tillage rotary-string work by hauling leads to propelling-rotational effects. There were obtained analytical dependences for determining speed of string required for cutting stem of weeds under different physical-mechanical parameters of stem and soil, as well as technological indicators of a cultivator’ operation. The authors obtained expressions for determining the radius of string installation from axis of rotation, angle of section installation to the direction of motion of energy means, as well as the number of strings required for guaranteed cutting of weeds deeper than the point of growth.
Highlights
Organizing technological processes in accordance with adopted system of agriculture, producers of agricultural products tend to get maximum possible yield with minimizing costs and increasing the level of soil fertility
Of the various systems of soil content, one of the most effective soil structuring is a fallow system in terms of accumulation of nutrients and moisture, as well as weed control
The design and technological scheme of rotor-string cultivator proposed by us includes a central bar of frame on which support wheels are installed to maintain the depth of processing, hinged device and sections of working bodies [5]
Summary
Any agricultural enterprise at growing of cultivated plants organizes all technological processes according to system of agriculture accepted in it. Under fallowed field we understand the field, on what a certain amount of time cultivated plants are not grown but periodically soil treatment is carried out in order to combat weeds [7]. In conditions of Krasnodar Territory, as a rule, a system used is called busy fallow, and processing soil in this case is called semi-fallow. With such a system of soil management, early harvested crops, such as winter wheat, are sown into field, and after their harvesting, it is recommended to conduct stubble dehulling by disk working bodies in order to embed residual moisture and seeds of weeds and drops. With increase in speed of movement of a cultivator over 10-12 km/h, spread of soil increases sharply, which negatively affects clogging of working bodies and its erosion danger
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