Abstract

The first chapter provides an account of basic facts on approximation by algebraic and trigonometric polynomials introducing the most important concepts on approximation of functions. In Sect. 1.1 we introduce the basic notions, a connection between algebraic and trigonometric polynomials, best approximation by polynomials and give an account on Chebyshev polynomials, Chebyshev extremal problems, Chebyshev alternation theorem, as well as some numerical methods and examples. Basic facts on trigonometric approximation are given in Sect. 1.2, including moduli of smoothness, best approximation and Besov spaces. Chebyshev systems and interpolation processes are considered in Sect. 1.3. Especially, in Sect. 1.4 we give basic results on interpolation by algebraic polynomials, including representations and computation of interpolation polynomials, Lagrange operators, interpolation errors and uniform convergence in some important classes of functions, as well as an account on the Lebesgue function and some estimates for the Lebesgue constant. Finally, an algorithm for finding optimal nodes is presented.

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