Construction of wetland ecosystem model framework in Phoenix Mountain National Forest Park Nature Reserve in Harbin and application case studies

Abstract

Context The wetland ecosystem of Harbin Fenghuangshan National Forest Park Nature Reserve is fragile. Aims To establish a scientific and reasonable model framework for dynamic monitoring and ecological health assessment of wetlands, which is conducive to early warning, protection and management of wetland ecosystems. Methods On the basis of the full consideration of energy flow, material circulation, ecological environment and interspecific relationship, this paper proposed an ecosystem model framework. The pressure–state–response (PSR) model was used to build the evaluation index system of wetland-ecosystem health in Harbin Fenghuangshan National Forest Park. The data of each indicator are extracted and standardised through the analytic hierarchy process. Key results The results showed that the ecosystem pressure index of Harbin Fenghuangshan National Forest Park wetland was 0.52, indicating that it is in a subhealth state. The degree of health was 0.603, indicating a good condition. The comprehensive response index was 0.615, which was a positive response. The comprehensive degree of health was 0.577, indicating a subhealth state. Conclusion and implications The management and protection of wetland ecosystem in Harbin Fenghuangshan National Forest Park need to be strengthened urgently.