Construction of Ultrastable porous carbons materials derived from organic/inorganic double decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) hybrid as a high-performance electrode for supercapacitor

Abstract

Three different types of organic/inorganic hybrids are synthesized through the hydrosilylation of the double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) with divinylbenzene (DVB), 3,13-divinyl double-decker silsesquioxane (DV-DDSQ) and cubic octavinylsilsesquioxane (OVS) individually to form DVB-DDSQ, DVDDSQ-DDSQ, and OVS-DDSQ, was achieved through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Thermal stability using TGA analyses, it was observed that the OVS-DDSQ hybrid possesses the highest thermal stability with Td10 of 596 °C and a char yield of 82.2 wt% because of the improvement of the cross-linking structure and increased density within the OVS-DDSQ hybrid. Furthermore, after carbonization to increase the surface area of OVS-DDSQ to form a microporous carbon (C-OVS-DDSQ) hybrid framework, it displays electrochemical performance with specific capacitances of 146 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, benefiting from its high surface area of 169 m2 g−1, which facilitated efficient electron transfer and the presence of a lot of active sites on the electrode surface. Notably, the capacitance retention of the C-OVS-DDSQ hybrid remained excellent, reaching 98 % at 20 A g−1 even after 5000 cycles, suggesting its remarkable stability.