Construction of tissue-engineered bone using a bioreactor and platelet-rich plasma.

Dong Wang,Huawu Zhang,Lei Zhao,Tao Peng,Huibo Li,Zhong Cao,Shuzhen Wang,Shui Sun,Honglei Jiang

doi:10.3892/etm.2014.1774

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to construct tissue-engineered bone using a bioreactor and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) were cultured in a perfusion bioreactor with PRP-containing medium for 21 days to form a BMSC-TCP composite. Rabbits were then implanted with the BMSC-TCP composite. The morphology of the implanted BMSC-TCP composite was observed three months after surgery by scanning electron microscopy and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. In addition, the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD)31 and von Willebrand factor (WF) in the implanted BMSC-TCP composite was detected using immunohistochemistry. Bone formation was determined by comprehensive testing Following culture in a perfusion bioreactor and PRP, the BMSCs adhered to the β-TCP scaffold and the secretion of extracellular matrix was observed. The spreading and proliferation of cells was found to be enhanced on the scaffold. Furthermore, the vascular endothelial cell markers CD31 and VEF, were positively expressed. Therefore, these results suggest that tissue-engineered bone may be constructed using a bioreactor and PRP. PRP, which contains multiple growth factors, may promote vascularization of tissue-engineered bone.

Highlights

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is usually caused by a lack of osteoblast progenitor cells and blood vessels [1]
Each rabbit was implanted at 5 different sites with β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) only, Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and β‐TCP, bioreactor‐cultured BMSCs and β‐TCP, platelet‐rich plasma (PRP)‐cultured BMSCs and β‐TCP, and bioreactor- and PRP‐cultured BMSCs and β‐TCP, respectively
Observation of the BMSC‐TCP composite under the scanning electron microscope revealed that BMSCs adhered on the β‐TCP ceramic scaffold and the secretion of extracellular matrix was observed

Summary

Introduction

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is usually caused by a lack of osteoblast progenitor cells and blood vessels [1]. Growth factors are usually prepared by genetic recombination, which has certain shortcomings, including difficulty of preparation, high cost and immunogenicity

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion