Abstract
Based on the developed algorithm, the sanitary and toxicological properties have been assessed in the system Galvanic sludge ‒ natural object using model copper-zinc sludge.The following minerals containing heavy metal ions have been identified in galvanic sludge: ZnSO4∙H2O, ZnSO4∙7H2O, Cu3(OH)4(SO4), (Zn3.2Cu0.8)(SO4)(OH)6∙4Н2О, which could, at a long-term interaction with the environment, form easily soluble toxic compounds. It has been established that the process of neutralizing sulfate copper-zinc solutions with lime milk proceeds in two stages: the formation of semi-aquatic and two-water gypsum; heavy metal compounds. The water-migration activity of the Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions has been investigated, which are included in the galvanic sludge composition. It has been proven that of the two metals examined, the Zn2+ cations contribute more to the negative impact on environmental objects than the Cu2+ cations. Patterns in the distribution and migration of heavy metal ions in soils after contamination by galvanic sludge have been investigated. It has been established that the intensity of transformation of Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions from galvanic sludge to soil is defined by the soil type and the physical and chemical properties of the metals themselves. The correlation between the mobility of heavy metal ions and soil acidity has been investigated. For Zn2+, maximum mobility is observed in soils whose pH is ≈7. For Cu2+, mobility in neutral or alkaline soils is lower than that in acidic soils. The basic quantitative indicators of the potential phytotoxicity of galvanic sludge have been determined: germination, energy, friendliness and duration of germination of test plant seeds. It has been shown that the joint effect of Cu2+ and Zn2+ manifests itself both in the inhibition and stimulation of the growth processes of test plants and is determined, first of all, by the biological specificity of the test culture itself, as well as the properties of soil and the degree of its pollution.The sequence of studies reported in this work makes it possible to predict the danger of galvanic sludge to the natural environment. It could also be used by environmental and design organizations in agricultural-ecological monitoring
Highlights
One of the most pressing environmental issues for industrial enterprises, which employ galvanic processes in their technological cycle, is the problem of accumulation of generated waste, so-called galvanic sludge (GS) [1, 2]
The results show that differences in the composition of waste coming to treatment have a significant impact on the simulated estimates of total environmental stress caused by wastewater treatment
The aim of this study is to construct an algorithm to assess the degree of environmental safety of galvanic waste
Summary
One of the most pressing environmental issues for industrial enterprises, which employ galvanic processes in their technological cycle, is the problem of accumulation of generated waste, so-called galvanic sludge (GS) [1, 2]. GS containing heavy metals (HM) is a source of biotic, mechanical, chemical, and other types of pollution [3, 4]. There are no uniform theoretical and methodological frameworks for ensuring environmental safety. Ecology within the system of galvanic industrial waste management. Unambiguous approaches and algorithms have not yet been developed to assess its ecotoxicological hazard. A scientific solution to this issue may be the development of unified scientific and methodical approaches to a comprehensive assessment of the level of environmental safety of GS, with a direct study into their anthropogenic impact on natural objects
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
