Construction of stomach adenocarcinoma prognostic signature based on anoikis-related lncRNAs and clinical significance

Abstract

ABSTRACT As a dominant type of gastric cancer, stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Anoikis factors participate in tumor metastasis and invasion. This study was designed to identify prognostic risk factors in anoikis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) for STAD. First, with STAD expression datasets and anoikis-related gene sets downloaded from public databases, anoikis-related prognostic lncRNA signatures (AC091057.1, ADAMTS9.AS1, AC090825.1, AC084880.3, EMX2OS, HHIP.AS1, AC016583.2, EDIL3.DT, DIRC1, LINC01614, and AC103702.2) were screened by Cox regression to establish a prognostic risk model. Kaplan–Meier and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the survival status of patients and verify predictive accuracy of the model. Besides, risk score could be an independent prognostic factor to assess the prognosis of STAD patients. Nomograms of the prognostic model that combined clinical information and risk score could effectively predict survival of STAD patients, as validated by calibration curve. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analyses were performed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in high- and low-risk groups. These DEGs were related to neurotransmitter transmission, signal transmission, and endocytosis. Moreover, we analyzed immune status of different risk groups and found that STAD patients in low-risk group were more sensitive to immunotherapy. A prognostic risk assessment model for STAD using anoikis-related lncRNA genes was constructed here, which was proven to have high predictive accuracy and thus could offer a reference for prognostic evaluation and clinical treatment of STAD patients.