Abstract
A Non-Uniform Sampling (NUS) methodology is presented, which improves the Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation accuracy. The proposed sampling methodology is applied to extract the collected data efficiently and to reduce the possible dependency within rows/columns of the Covariance / Correlation Matrix (CM). The new sampled matrix approach is utilized to form such a projection matrix in order to provide better resolution of angles of arrival for closely incident signals on the antenna array receiver and to increase Degrees of Freedom (DOFs) compared to the classical criterion. The new direction-finding method based on the NUS methodology is called a Non-Uniform Projection Matrix (NUPM). A theoretical analysis is presented to demonstrate the advantage of the NUS methodology in terms of the obtained energy of the eigenvalues that are associated with the signal eigenvectors. It is proved that the proposed matrix sampling approach can provide better estimation resolution and detection of higher numbers of angles of arrival compared to the classical sampling method, without increasing array aperture size and the complexity of computations. A reduced-dimension process is applied to the NUPM in order to decrease the computational burden at the grid-scanning step. A computer simulation, including many scenarios, is implemented to justify the expected improvements of the NUS methodology compared to the classical approach. It is found that the new sampling distribution enhances noise immunity and increases DOFs compared to the conventional criterion. The performance of the NUPM method is compared with several AoA methods, including the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB), and the obtained results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed NUPM technique.
Highlights
The number and size of communications-relevant data sets have increased concomitantly with the advancing development of communications bandwidth and power in several applications such as social networks, telecommunications, The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Hasan S
K is the number of Monte Carlo trials; θk is the direction of arrival of the signals; θk is the corresponding estimated direction; Nr is the number of successfully identified Angle of Arrival (AoA) at each trial
A Non-Uniform Projection Matrix (NUPM) method based on an alternative non-uniform sampling approach to enhance and improve the AoA estimation resolution of the projection matrix method has been proposed in this work
Summary
The number and size of communications-relevant data sets have increased concomitantly with the advancing development of communications bandwidth and power in several applications such as social networks, telecommunications, The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Hasan S. The obtained eigenvalues using the new sampling matrix methodology have more energy than those obtained by the classical approach This feature will enhance noise immunity and improve the estimation, requiring a smaller number of snapshots, as will be demonstrated in the simulation results section. The computational operations required to form a spatial spectrum are dependent on two factors, namely: the dimension of the matrix used and the scanning angle step The former is based on the value of M and the applied AoA method. The latter can be determined in the following way: suppose δθ and δ∅ represent the scanning angle steps for the elevation and azimuth planes respectively, the total operation numbers for these planes are Jθ = 90◦ δθ and J∅ = 360◦ δ∅ respectively. With the proposed estimation scheme, such operations are not required, making the NUPM method easy to implement and involving less computational complexity
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