Abstract
To push the energy density limit of supercapacitors, proper pseudocapacitive materials with favorable nanostructures are urgently pursued. Ternary transition metal sulfides are promising electrode materials due to the better conductivity and higher electrochemical activity in comparison to the single element sulfides and transition metal oxides. In this work, we have successfully synthesized porous CuCo2S4 nanorod array (NRAs) on carbon textile through a stepwise hydrothermal method, including the growth of the Cu-Co precursor nanowire arrays and subsequent conversion into CuCo2S4 NRAs via anion exchange reaction. The CuCo2S4 NRAs electrode exhibits a greatly enhanced specific capacitance and an outstanding cycling stability. Moreover, an asymmetric supercapacitor using the CuCo2S4 NRAs as positive electrode and activated carbon as negative electrode delivers a high energy density of 56.96 W h kg−1. Such superior performance demonstrate that the CuCo2S4 NRAs are promising materials for future energy storage applications.
Highlights
CuCo2S4 nanorod array (NRAs) on carbon textile through a stepwise hydrothermal method, including the growth of the Cu-Co precursor nanowire arrays and subsequent conversion into CuCo2S4 nanorod arrays (NRAs) via anion exchange reaction
The precursor nanowire arrays transformed into the CuCo2S4 NRAs on the basis of an anion exchange reaction (O2− to S2−)
The anion exchange is an isotropic process, so the overall morphologies of the resultant CuCo2S4 NRAs is analogous to the precursor nanowire arrays
Summary
Well-defined redox peaks observed in both CV curves can be mainly attributed to the faradaic redox reactions in KOH electrolyte, which reveal the pseudocapacitive characteristics of the CuCo2O4 NWAs and the CuCo2S4 NRAs electrodes. A high specific capacitance of 1536.9 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 with an excellent cycling stability (5.1% drop from the maximum capacitance after 10000 cycles) is achieved, which can be ascribed to the porous nanostructure, rich electroactive sites and high conductivity of the bunched CuCo2S4 NRAs. The as-fabricated CuCo2S4 NRAs//AC asymmetric supercapacitor can operate at a high voltage window of 1.6 V and deliver a high energy density of 56.96 W h kg−1 at the power density of 320 W kg−1. Such superior electrochemical performance indicate that the CuCo2S4 NRAs are promising pseudocapacitive materials for high performance supercapacitors
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