Abstract
The protection of sensitive data from illegitimate users is one of the main challenges in today’s technological era. To handle prevailing security-related problems and challenges amicably, cryptographic techniques are applied for the fortification of data. State-of-the-art cryptographic ciphers generally use substitution-boxes (S-boxes) that help in accomplishing robust sanctuary of data. Provision of data security by a cipher is proportionate directly to the cryptographic strength of an S-box employed in the respective cipher. This research paper proposes to project a simple and innovative scheme for the generation of dynamic S-boxes by employing a novel cubic modular transformation along with the trigonometric sine function. A pioneering optimization phase, dynamic in nature, is also suggested that improvises the nonlinearity of the initial configuration of S-box. The overall proposed scheme possesses the potential to spawn a large count of strong S-boxes by smearing a minute variation in input parameters used in initial and optimization phases. Cipher key is used to employ values to the input parameters for the creation of dynamic S-boxes. A specimen S-box is presented, and its performance has been achieved through standard criteria of S-box evaluation along with the comparative analysis with some existing Sboxes. Recital and comparative investigations validate that the anticipated S-box possesses the real capability for its usage in cryptosystems for much needed data security.
Highlights
In the modern technological era, a tremendous volume of data is triggered on daily basis and its communication over public channels from one place to other places has become an obligatory part of our life
Different methods are employed to convert meaningful data into meaningless data. Cryptography is one such domain that helps in this transformation and holds sturdy algorithms known as ciphers to assist in the security of data and information
The nonlinearity of each initial SBox was improvised by the application of the proposed heuristic evaluation approach, we considered only those cases where the nonlinearity value gained by the final SBox was >= 110
Summary
In the modern technological era, a tremendous volume of data is triggered on daily basis and its communication over public channels from one place to other places has become an obligatory part of our life. A substitution box (S-box) is a significant element of modern block ciphers to assist in the generation of meaningless data (ciphertext) from the original message (plaintext). One can obtain different novel S-boxes by utilizing different values of the key These dynamic S-boxes are employed in ciphers to improve the security of the sensitive information. Keeping in view the weaknesses linked to the AES S-box, authors [37,38,39,40,41] projected numerous enhancements to the original AES S-box These novel S-boxes are dynamic and better than AES S-box as a different S-box is employed in each of the AES rounds and linear and differential cryptanalysis efforts are made difficult as compared to the easy cryptanalytical efforts in case of AES static S-boxes. We introduce an innovative scheme by employing a novel and dynamic cubic modular transformation, a trigonometric sine function application, and a pioneering heuristic based optimization approach to generate dynamic and strong S-boxes having worthy cryptographic forte. Comprehensive procedure for the generation of the projected S-box involves the following four simple phases which are described in the subsequent section
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