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Abstract
Development of visible-light photocatalysts for the removal of nitroimidazoles pharmaceutical residues in the environment has attracted widespread attention. In this respect, a series of nitrogen-containing carbon quantum dots N-CQDs/InNbO4 composites were hydrothermally synthesized for the disposal of ipronidazole. N-CQDs coupled with irregular square shaped InNbO4 was confirmed by XRD, FTIR, TEM and XPS. The as-prepared N-CQDs/InNbO4 composites displayed stronger visible-light absorption from 400 nm to 800 nm. Owing to photosensitization and electron transfer ability of N-CQDs, the photocatalytic performance of N-CQDs/InNbO4 composites was better than that of InNbO4. The highest removal efficiency of ipronidazole solution was obtained in the presence of 3 wt % N-CQDs/InNbO4 composite. Reactive species ●O2−, hole, ●OH and electron all took part in the reaction process, while the removal of ipronidazole was most affected by ●O2−. Moreover, six new transformation products of ipronidazole were found during photocatalytic process.
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