Abstract
Epoxy resins (EP) are deemed as one kind of most commonly used thermosets, but immanently suffer from inflammability and brittleness. Herein, we report a newly designed hierarchical molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) nanotubes assembled from several-layered nanosheets, and then merged with linear polyphosphazene (LPP) for constructing LPP-MoSe2 hybrids. LPP-MoSe2 possesses great advantages in improving the properties of EP for their typical nanotube structure and the combination effect of transition metal, phosphorous and nitrogenous compounds. The developed EP/LPP-MoSe2 composites present obvious reduction in flammability, obtaining a high LOI value of 29% and reaching V-0 rating in UL-94 test. They also exhibit obvious reduction in the heat hazards of EP, such as peak heat release rate (39.0%) and total heat release (24.8%), as well as the toxicity hazards including total smoke production (31.3%) and the yields of CO and CO2. Gas-phase and condensed-phase mechanism are elucidated to explain the contribution of LPP-MoSe2 to the fire retardation of EP. Moreover, the addition of LPP-MoSe2 can also obviously enhance the mechanical properties of EP. The impact strength of EP is only 9 kJ/m2, while EP/LPP-MoSe2 3.0 can reach up to 14.2 kJ/m2. Based on tensile test, the well-dispersed LPP-MoSe2 also leads to significant elevation in tensile strength (74.6%) and elongation at break (100%) of EP. Our data demonstrate that LPP-MoSe2 shows impressive performance in developing high-performance EP composites, thereby broadening the practical application of EP.
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