Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to provide modern reference intervals for both inferior facial angle and hemi-mandible length in fetuses of 18-21weeks' gestation. Prospectively, 296 apparently normal fetuses were sonographically assessed at 18-21weeks' gestation. Inferior facial angle and hemi-mandible length were measured and parametrically analysed with respect to gestational age. Regression models were derived for each parameter and compared with models of previous studies. The mean inferior facial angle remained constant over the studied gestational age range at 63.9°, with 5th and 95th percentiles of 56.6° and 73.4°, respectively. Hemi-mandible length was found to be positively correlated with gestational age over the studied range, and the mean value is described by the equation40.89mm - (6327.495×GA-2) with a standard deviation of 1.231mm. Modern reference intervals for inferior facial angle and hemi-mandible length were defined within this pilot study. These reference intervals will aid in improving accuracy diagnosing micrognathia and our ability to differentiate true micrognathia from retrognathia.
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