Abstract
(1) Background: In the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), accurate delivery and release of anti-inflammatory drugs to the site of inflammation can reduce systemic side effects. (2) Methods: We took advantage of this goal to prepare resveratrol-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (RES-PCAC-NPs) by emulsification solvent volatilization. After layer-by-layer self-assembly technology, we deposited chitosan and alginate to form a three-layer polyelectrolyte film. (3) Results: It can transport nanoparticles through the gastric environment to target inflammation sites and slowly release drugs at a specific pH. The resulting RES-PCAC-NPs have an ideal average diameter (~255 nm), a narrow particle size distribution and a positively charged surface charge (~13.5 mV). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that resveratrol was successfully encapsulated into PCAC nanoparticles, and the encapsulation efficiency reached 87.26%. In addition, fluorescence imaging showed that RES-PCAC-NPs with positive charges on the surface can effectively target and accumulate in the inflammation site while continuing to penetrate downward to promote mucosal healing. Importantly, oral RES-PCAC-NPs treatment in DSS-induced mice was superior to other results in significantly improved inflammatory markers of UC. (4) Conclusions: Our results strongly prove that RES-PCAC-NPs can target the inflamed colon for maximum efficacy, and this oral pharmaceutical formulation can represent a promising formulation in the treatment of UC.
Highlights
One goal of medicine is to find new drugs to replace drugs with limited efficacy, but drug development is a time-consuming and expensive process
RES-loaded nanoparticles are prepared with the castor oil derivative “propenol oil” as a RES-loaded nanoparticles are prepared with the castor oil derivative “propenol oil” as a non-toxic solvent [57], β-lactoglobulin as the main molecule [58] and silk fibroin as the non-toxic solvent [57], β-lactoglobulin as the main molecule [58] and silk fibroin as the outer shell [59], and a liquid crystal structure based on glyceryl oleate encapsulates theraouter shell [59], and a liquid crystal structure based on glyceryl oleate encapsulates therpeutic proteins and small molecule antioxidants [60]
We verified that RES-PCAC-NPs are less released at a low pH and slowly released at a high pH, which can protect the drug from passing through the stomach to the colon
Summary
One goal of medicine is to find new drugs to replace drugs with limited efficacy, but drug development is a time-consuming and expensive process. The most effective sources of medicines are natural products, which can be identified through analytical techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) [1]. The analytical methods commonly used for IBD treatment include the fabric phase sorptive extraction-high performance liquid chromatographyphotodiode array detection method (FPSE-HPLC-PDA), which can be used to determine residual IBD drugs [3]. It provides a guarantee for the effective treatment of IBD. IBD includes UC and Crohn’s disease [4,5]. UC is characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea and bleeding, which will have a negative effect on all life activities of the patient [6]
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