Abstract
Summary Agropyron Gaertn. (P genome) is a wild relative of wheat that harbours many genetic variations that could be used to increase the genetic diversity of wheat. To agronomically transfer important genes from the P genome to a wheat chromosome by induced homoeologous pairing and recombination, it is necessary to determine the chromosomal relationships between Agropyron and wheat. Here, we report using the wheat 660K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array to genotype a segregating Agropyron F1 population derived from an interspecific cross between two cross‐pollinated diploid collections ‘Z1842’ [A. cristatum (L.) Beauv.] (male parent) and ‘Z2098’ [A. mongolicum Keng] (female parent) and 35 wheat–A. cristatum addition/substitution lines. Genetic linkage maps were constructed using 913 SNP markers distributed among seven linkage groups spanning 839.7 cM. The average distance between adjacent markers was 1.8 cM. The maps identified the homoeologous relationship between the P genome and wheat and revealed that the P and wheat genomes are collinear and relatively conserved. In addition, obvious rearrangements and introgression spread were observed throughout the P genome compared with the wheat genome. Combined with genotyping data, the complete set of wheat–A. cristatum addition/substitution lines was characterized according to their homoeologous relationships. In this study, the homoeologous relationship between the P genome and wheat was identified using genetic linkage maps, and the detection mean for wheat–A. cristatum introgressions might significantly accelerate the introgression of genetic variation from Agropyron into wheat for exploitation in wheat improvement programmes.
Highlights
Hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, genomes AABBDD) is widely planted worldwide and is an important food source
The relatively low call rate primarily reflects the genomic differences between Agropyron Gaertn and wheat
The wheat 660K genotyping array still provides a robust resource for genomewide, high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and population genetic analyses of wild wheat relatives such as Agropyron Gaertn
Summary
The hybridization of wheat with wild relatives, which are an untapped reservoir of substantial genetic variation for many agronomically important traits (Friebe et al, 1996; Jauhar and Chibbar, 1999; Qi et al, 2007; Schneider et al, 2008), has been used in numerous wheat breeding programmes to introduce novel diversity into the bread wheat gene pool and is called alien introgression (Armstead et al, 2006; Chen et al, 2012b; Molnar-Lang et al, 2014; Zamir, 2001). A set of additional wheat– A. cristatum lines and disomic substitution lines were produced and characterized (Han et al, 2017; Wu et al, 2006), some of which will be valuable for future wheat breeding as novel germplasms (Chen et al, 2012a; Wu et al, 2006). The 6P disomic addition line 4844 shows high yield characteristics for the number of florets and kernels per spike compared with those of its wheat parent (Li et al, 1998; Wu et al, 2006), and resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust was transferred from A. cristatum to common wheat (Li et al, 2016)
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