Construction of a 3D Geomechanical Model for Development of a Shale Gas Reservoir in the Sichuan Basin

Abstract

SummaryCurrently, there is large-scale shale gas exploration and development in the Sichuan Basin, western China. Caused by high tectonic stress and presence of fracture systems at various scales in the lower Silurian Longmaxi reservoir formation, hydraulic fracturing in shale gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin has encountered many difficulties, such as placing sufficient proppant, poor-production performance for some wells, and ambiguity as to the factors controlling the production of reservoirs. It has been recognized that lack of geomechanical understanding of the shale gas reservoirs is a major obstacle to effectively addressing these difficulties.A 3D full-field geomechanics model was constructed for the Changning shale gas reservoir in the Sichuan Basin through integrating seismic, geological structure, log, and core data by following a newly formulated work flow. The 3D geomechanical model includes 3D anisotropic mechanical properties, 3D pore pressure, and the 3D in-situ stress field. Through leveraging measurements from an advanced sonic tool and core data, the anisotropy of the formation was captured at wellbores and propagated to 3D space guided by prestack seismic inversion data. The 3D pore-pressure prediction was conducted with seismic data, and calibrated against pressure measurements, mud-logging data, and flowback data. A discrete-fracture-network (DFN) model, which represents multiscale natural-fracture systems, was integrated into the 3D geomechanical model during stress modeling to reflect the disturbance on the in-situ stress field by the presence of the natural-fracture systems.The 3D pore-pressure model was used to calculate more-reliable estimates of gas in place in the shale gas reservoir, and the geomechanical model was used to reveal the root cause of difficulties of proppant placement in this tectonically active and unevenly fractured shale gas reservoir.The paper presents the highlights and innovations in constructing the 3D geomechanical model for the shale gas reservoir, and explains how the 3D geomechanical model is used to address technical challenges encountered during drilling and completion. Also, it demonstrates that a reliable 3D geomechanical model, with proper characterization of anisotropy, pore pressure, and natural fractures, provides a critical opportunity to improve the development in this shale gas reservoir.