Abstract
In this article, we investigate both theoretically and experimentally the method of Ramsey interference applied to cold atoms being emitted from a 2-dimensional magneto-optical trap (2D-MOT) crossing continuous wave (cw) laser fields that drive Raman transitions between ground-state hyperfine sublevels. In our apparatus, the atomic beam divergence is large (56 mrad half-angle), necessitating the inclusion in our model of both the atomic divergence and the laser beam divergence as well as averaging over the transit time of the atoms through the laser beam. We discuss the effects of the divergence of the atomic and laser beams, and then we describe our apparatus and qualitatively compare our experimental results to the theoretical results. We find good agreement between our model and our experimental results.
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