Construction and Application of Complex Student-Centered Teaching and Learning Method in a University General Chemistry Course

Abstract

In this study, we constructed and applied a complex student-centered teaching and learning method (CSCTL) that can be used in a university general chemistry course, and analyzed students' satisfaction and perceptions of it. Specifically, we aimed to construct a CSCTL that enables students to actively understand chemical concepts and phenomena, recognize the importance of quantitative thinking, take an active stance to acquire concepts and knowledge, and cultivate attitudes such as thinking for themselves, expressing their opinions, listening to their peers' opinions, and persuading their peers. Based on the theoretical considerations, we designed and applied a CSCTL, including ConcepTests, quantitative problem-solving, and peer discussion to general chemistry classes, and conducted two surveys to analyze students' satisfaction and perception. The results were analyzed in combination with the students' opinions on essay questions in a course evaluation. The results showed that, first, the CSCTL induced students' learning motivation, increased their concentration and understanding of the learning content, led to longer retention of scientific knowledge, and increased their satisfaction with learning efficiency comparing with the conventional lecture-centered teaching method. Second, the CSCTL provided students with opportunities to construct knowledge and to think logically, stimulating them to think more deeply, consider conflicting viewpoints, and continuously consider their chemistry knowledge. Third, the CSCTL provided opportunities for interactive communication, allowing members to communicate with each other and share knowledge. Fourth, despite the above positive results, we found that the students felt academic pressure in the class. The results of this study are significant in that we are suggesting the CSCTL that can be applied to a university general chemistry course, which is part of a general education in university.