Abstract
Wireless communications systems with progressively higher spectral efficiency have been investigated in past decades. A promising area of research is the use of hypercomplex algebras, notably, the use of the quaternion algebra. This paper considers the construction of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) using the algebra of quaternions. Several construction techniques for quaternion orthogonal code designs have been proposed in recent years, which offer the possibility to explore diversities in variate domains, such as space, time, frequency, and polarization, in addition to combinations thereof. This paper presents a formulation for quaternion MIMO-OFDM in matrix form as an extension of the classical formulation that uses complex variables. Quaternions allow elegant representation of pairs of radiant elements in physical antennas configured for cross-polarized propagation. Several simulations validate the proposed method in diverse scenarios for wireless communications, in which combined diversities have been exploited.
Highlights
The search for wireless communications systems with better spectral efficiency or low-complexity has continued over recent decades
Tests for terrestrial digital television signals in Super HiVision (8K) format have successfully reported transmission over long distances, showing that it is possible to send huge amounts of data in the 6-MHz UHF channel. These results motivate the present work, in which we show that MIMOOFDM modulation schemes can be incorporated in systems for next-generation digital television, in addition to having potential applications in high-capacity link back-hauling and other wireless applications
The proposed quaternion MIMO-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (QOFDM) design uses an orthogonal space-time-polarization block (STP), space-frequency-polarization (SFP) block codes, or these two modes combined into space-time-frequency-polarization coding
Summary
The search for wireless communications systems with better spectral efficiency or low-complexity has continued over recent decades. The representation of a quaternion in its polar form allows the formulation of instant frequency and amplitude modulation of ortho-complex signals based on the quaternion Hilbert transform [6] Another area of interest is the application of quaternions for colour images, which are treated as vector fields. Tests for terrestrial digital television signals in Super HiVision (8K) format have successfully reported transmission over long distances, showing that it is possible to send huge amounts of data in the 6-MHz UHF channel These results motivate the present work, in which we show that MIMOOFDM modulation schemes can be incorporated in systems for next-generation digital television, in addition to having. MIMO-OFDM systems, presented in the paper, allow to explore diversity modalities in space, time, frequency, and/or polarization, offering very flexible communications designs.
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