Construction 0D/2D heterojunction by highly dispersed Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) loaded on the g-C3N4 nanosheets for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Abstract

In recent years, the use of quantum dots (QDs) cocatalysts to improve the hydrogen evolution activity from the water splitting of photocatalysts has become a popular research topic. Herein, we successfully prepared a novel 0 dimension/2 dimension (0D/2D) heterojunction nanocomposite (denoted Ag2S quantum dots (QDs)/g-C3N4) with excellent photocatalytic performance by anchoring the Ag2S QDs cocatalyst on the surface of g-C3N4 through a self-assembly strategy. Ag2S QDs with an average particle size of approximately 5.8 nm were uniformly and tightly modified on g-C3N4. The Ag2S QDs/g-C3N4 composite with 0.5 wt% Ag2S QDs loading achieved the highest hydrogen evolution rate of 471.1 μmol·g−1·h−1 with an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 1.48% at 405 nm. Such remarkable hydrogen evolution activity far exceeded that of undoped g-C3N4 and Ag2S nanoparticles (NPs)/g-C3N4. Moreover, it was 2.04 times the activity of Pt/g-C3N4 with Pt as the cocatalyst. The enhanced photocatalytic performance was attributed to the energy band broadening of Ag2S QDs caused by the quantum size effect and the convenient and effective charge transfer between g-C3N4 and Ag2S QDs cocatalysts. The mechanism underlying the enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution activity was further proposed. This study demonstrates that semiconductor-based quantum dots are strong candidates for excellent cocatalysts in photocatalysis.