Constructing “Those”

Abstract

Looking at other people means constructing them by applying a conceptual framework. There are frameworks which depict other people as being essentially different from us—as those. Lombroso's born criminal, as a type of human being, is a kind of those. In our century, several decades were devoted to deconstructing the Lombrosian paradigm by adopting an etiological perspective of deviance. However, since the 1980s, a new realism has been established in western criminology: Again, the central value of criminological research is the sheltering of society against the attacks of those. A new fascination of facing evil is produced, by building up a climate of suspicion against particular groups of people; this climate overwhelms the mass‐media, thereby arousing the public imagination and kindling public resentment. All endeavours to reestablish those are now embedded in a postmodern esthetical context, which turns regressive tendencies into a more or less ironical game: a play with morally alert actors which, at the same time, undermines their belief in the normative concept of ethical and political justification.