Abstract
Multiplicative complexity is the minimum number of AND-gates required to implement a given Boolean function in (AND, XOR) algebra. It is a good measure of a hardware complexity of an S-box, but an S-box cannot have too low multiplicative complexity due to security constraints. In this article we focus on generic constructions that can be used to find good n×n S-boxes with low multiplicative complexity. We tested these constructions in the specific case when n = 8. We were able to find 8 × 8 S-boxes with multiplicative complexity at most 16 (which is half of the known bound on multiplicative complexity of the AES S-box), while providing a reasonable resistance against linear and differential cryptanalysis.
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