Constructing massive particles surfaces in static spacetimes

Abstract

Massive particle surface is a generalization of the photon surface, both of which translate the dynamical properties of geodesics orbiting the gravitating object onto the geometric description. The procedure for constructing the massive particle surfaces in static space-times is described in detail and the equivalence of the main results with the results of the geodesic approach is demonstrated for the following examples: Schwarzschild, Reissner–Nordström, dilatonic black holes, conformal gravity, and Culetu model.