Abstract
RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la estructura de las construcciones escindidas en la lengua mazahua de San Pedro Potla (Temascalcingo, Estado de México). Este estudio se ha realizado bajo el planteamiento de Lambrecht (2001), quien considera que la construcción escindida es una estructura oracional compleja que está formada por una cláusula matriz y una cláusula relativa; esta cláusula binaria expresa una sola proposición semántica. Teniendo en cuenta esta consideración, se ha identificado una serie extensa de construcciones escindidas, éstas están formadas por la marca ŋɡè, la frase focalizada y la cláusula relativa. Para dar cuenta del objetivo ha sido necesario atender ciertos aspectos de la gramática de la lengua como orden de constituyentes, tipos de cláusulas de relativo, subordinantes y funciones gramaticales de ŋɡè. A través de las clases de construcciones escindidas se puede mostrar que, en ciertos contextos, igualmente, aparece escindida la información topicalizada. Los datos corresponden a historias de vida, narraciones y relatos.
Highlights
The purpose of this paper is to present a description of the cleft sentences shown in (1)
In Mazahua, a cleft sentence, like the one in (1), is formed by the ŋɡè form that co-occurs with the focalized information, a relative clause––which is introduced by a subordinate––and a phrase that shows the focus, like in (1a) y (1b)
It has been mentioned that cleft sentences express focalized, topicalized and emphasized information
Summary
The purpose of this paper is to present a description of the cleft sentences shown in (1). The idea that holds this paper together is born from the fact that cleft sentences are formed by ŋɡè, a relative clause, and a focus or topic phrase. Cleft sentences present a wide variety of word order of its components within its configuration; the structure of cleft sentences is related to the order of the constituents of the language, the structure of the relative clauses, and the grammatical functions of the ŋɡè form. Taking this statement as a starting point, this paper will be organized in the following way: Grammatical characteristics of Mazahua. (4) a. mà-ʔjêŋkʔwa ʔjá=ɾà=péɾdona-ts’ɨ tadv-before neg=3.pst=forgive-2obj ‘Before they did not forgive you.’ (Txt) b. má=ʃí-phi nù=déleɡado=ø ɾà=ʔě hẽ ʃókɨ-zɨ imp.ir=go-3dat artsg=delegado=sub 3.fut=come open-1dat ‘Go tell the delegate to come and open me.’ (Txt) c. já=má-tʃ’í-nó-zɨ, já=ɾí=mbéɲe ptl=sta.pst-dim-old-1obj ptl=1psr=remember ‘It was older, I remembered it.’ (Txt)
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