CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UNA ESCALA PARA EVALUAR FACTORES SITUACIONALES Y EXTERNOS ASOCIADOS AL RENDIMIENTO DEPORTIVO

Abstract

There are mainly three groups of factors that influence the performance of athletes: situational, external and personality or internal (Gonzalez- Boto et al., 2006; Marquez, 2004; Weinberg & Gould, 1996), even though there are several instruments to assess personality factors, there are none to asses the external and situational sources that may affect the performance of athletes. A deeper knowledge of these factors will allow the design of performance optimizing strategies. Objective: Construct and validate an instrument intended to measure the situational and external factors that influence high-performance athletes. Method: A total of 243 athletes participated. Results: The final result was a 19-item instrument, distributed in four subscales: Uncertainty, Importance of competition, Perception of resting and feeding habits, and Perception of Training, with a Cronbach’s alpha of .724, within an acceptable range for basic research. Conclusion: Even though it is necessary to continue working at both theoretical and statistical levels in order to reach higher internal consistency, the present is a useful instrument to identify external and situational factors that affect the performance of athletes.