Constraints to low-carbon building: Perspectives from high-rise high-density cities

Abstract

Despite a growing consensus on the urgency of addressing global warming, the practicality of accelerating the delivery of low-carbon buildings (LCBs) in high-rise high-density cities is still hindered by various interdependent and interrelated constraints. None of the previous studies systematically explored the interrelationships among the constraints. Therefore, this study aims to identify and assess the complex interrelationships and interdependencies of such constraints in delivering LCBs from the perspective of high-rise high-density cities. To achieve this aim, this study first identifies 21 ‘common and significant’ constraints to delivering LCBs via a questionnaire survey targeting seven high-rise high-density cities in five different regions/countries [i.e. United Arab Emirates (UAE), Qatar, Australia, Singapore, and Hong Kong]. Then, the study identifies the interrelationships among these constraints through a Delphi survey, and analyses the findings using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM), Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Matriced’ Impacts Croise's Multiplication Appliquee a UN Classement (MICMAC) techniques. In addition to the achievement of the primary aim through the findings of the aforementioned steps, the required stakeholder involvement in addressing these interdependent constraints is identified through a preliminary structure by mapping stakeholders and constraints. The findings of this study will assist policymakers, programme leaders, project managers, owners, facilities/building managers, end-users, and other stakeholders to better understand the complex interrelationships among the significant constraints to delivering LCBs in the context of high-rise high-density cities. Thus, they can be better informed in accelerating the delivery of LCBs by designing and prioritising their strategies to address and synergise the interdependencies and interrelationships of the constraints.