Constraints to active transportation in older adults across four neighbourhoods: a descriptive study from Canada

Abstract

ABSTRACT The purpose of this descriptive study was to compare perceived constraints to active transportation in older adults living in different neighbourhoods and thus, different built environments. An online survey was used to obtain information on perceived constraints to active transportation and linked to the Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research (CANUE) and Walk Score® data sets using postal codes. Data on active living environments (ALE) and walk, bike, and transit scores were used to describe the physical characteristics and active transportation friendliness of each neighbourhood represented by the respondents of the survey (n = 82). Significant variability was observed across neighbourhoods for most built environment characteristics. Nevertheless, the perceived constraints to active transportation of older residents of these neighbourhoods were consistent. In particular, cycling infrastructure, traffic conditions/safety, and sidewalk conditions were seen as consistent constraints. Interesting differences were observed when comparing newly developed neighbourhoods to more established ones. This small descriptive study provides further evidence that tackling constraints may require a more holistic approach, as changing one characteristic of the physical environment alone may not be sufficient to facilitate older adults with engaging in active transportation. These findings have important implications for the development of age-friendly policies pertaining to transportation and recreation.