Abstract
It is necessary to establish a constitutive model of 30CrMoA steel to optimize the forming shape and mechanical properties of high-speed train axles. The experimental stress–strain curve of 30CrMoA steel was obtained by an isothermal compression test on a Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation test machine under temperature of 1273~1423 K and strain rate of 0.01~10 s−1. Considering the effect of strain on the material constant, an empirical constitutive model was proposed with strain correction for 30CrMoA steel. In addition, the material constant in the constitutive model is determined by linear regression analysis of the experimental stress–strain curve. Comparing the theoretical value and experimental value of flow stress, the correlation R is 0.9828 and the average relative error (ARRE) is 4.652%. The constitutive model of 30CrMoA steel with strain correction can reasonably predict the flow stress under various conditions. The results provide an effective numerical tool for further study on accurate near-net forming of high-speed train axles.
Highlights
30CrMoA steel is a medium carbon alloy structural steel with high hardenability, good strength, and toughness
Substituting the material constants α, A, and n into Equation (11) gives the empirical constitutive equation described by the Z parameter: 5. Strain Correction for Empirical Constitutive Models is applied, When the constitutive model
The accuracy of the 30CrMoA steel constitutive model with strain correction can be verified by the correlation coefficient R and the average relative error ARRE, which are, respectively, expressed in Equations (15) and (16)
Summary
The model expressed by the Arrhenius equation is widely used for the prediction of the deformation behavior of materials. Lin et al [8] studied the flow stress behavior of 42CrMo steel at a deformation temperature of 850~1150 ◦ C and a strain rate of 0.01~50 s−1. Implemented the compression tests of 20Cr2Ni4A steel on a Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation machine at different deformation temperatures and strain rates. Metals 2020, 10, 1214 the flow stress behavior of the material during the thermal deformation process [11]. In order to completely and accurately describe the flow stress behavior of metal at high temperature, the influence of strain on the constitutive model needs to be considered. The establishment of the constitutive model of 30CrMoA steel can be used to further study the processing technology of 30CrMoA steel at high temperature and to establish its material model in simulation
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