Abstract
A chemical study of grape ( Vitis vinifera) pomace, from the red Sicilian cultivar `Nerello Mascalese', has been carried out. The methanolic extract was further fractionated and analysed by HPLC–UV–DAD and HPLC–MS–ESI, allowing identification of 16 flavonols or flavonol glucosides ( 1– 16), the flavan-3-ols catechin ( 17) and epicatechin ( 18), as well as their gallate esters 19 and 20, 10 anthocyanins ( 21– 30), 5 pyranoanthocyanins ( 31– 35), and 3 low-molecular weight proanthocyanins ( 36– 38). The pyranoanthocyanins cyanidin 3- O-glucoside acetaldehyde ( 31), peonidin 3- O-glucoside acetaldehyde ( 32), petunidin 3- O-glucoside acetaldehyde ( 33) and malvidin 3- O-glucoside acetaldehyde ( 34) have been identified for the first time in grape pomace. From quantitative analysis of the main constituents, quercetin 3- O-glucoside ( 5) and quercetin 3- O-glucuronide ( 9) proved to be the most abundant flavonol glycosides, and malvidin 3- O-glucoside ( 27) the main anthocyanin. Flash-chromatography of the EtOAc extract allowed isolation and spectral identification of lupeol ( 39), oleanoic acid ( 40), quercetin ( 3) and β-sitosterol glucoside ( 41).
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