Abstract
The use of sonars with very wide frequency bandwidths in order to obtain more information about the detected target than is possible with their narrow-band counter-parts necessitates the use of special techniques for transmitting and receiving the acoustic signals if the amplitude of the target echoes is not to vary with their position in the transmitting and receiving “beams”. A transmitting device using nonlinear interaction in the medium and a specially shaped receiving array, both having constant beamwidths over a wide range of frequencies, are described and data of their performance is presented. The transmitting and receiving devices were subsequently used in a sonar with a wide band capability (20–60 kHz) to investigate the frequency response of two types of target, a solid iron sphere of 12 cm diameter and the bed of a sea-loch, and the results of this investigation are included.
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