Abstract
AbstractEquations are derived to calculate one-dimensional (vertical) consolidation settlement in aquifers caused by groundwater extraction. The settlement equations capture the effect that the decline in pore-water pressure caused by groundwater extraction has on increased vertical effective stress. The settlement equations for single-layered confined or unconfined aquifers and multiple-layered aquifers are derived by linking the increase in vertical effective stress to the reduction of the void ratio using the reconstructed field consolidation curve of aquifer sediments. This paper’s approach blends groundwater hydraulics with the classical theory of one-dimensional consolidation widely used in geotechnical engineering. Closed-form consolidation settlement equations are presented for single-layer, homogeneous, isotropic confined aquifers with steady-state or transient groundwater flow and for single-layer, homogeneous, isotropic, unconfined aquifers under steady-state flow. The consolidation equations f...
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