Abstract
Flexible (stone columns, sand compaction piles, etc.), semi-rigid [deep mixed (DM) columns, jet-grouted columns, etc.], and rigid (vibro-concrete columns, etc.) columns have been increasingly used to support embankments over soft soils by increasing bearing capacity and stability and reduce total and differential settlements. Field and theoretical studies have demonstrated that columns, no matter whether they have high or low drainage characteristics, can accelerate the rate of consolidation of the composite foundation formed by soft soil and columns. In addition to the permeability of the column, the stiffness of the column contributes to the increased rate of consolidation. This research letter summarizes a three-dimensional numerical study to investigate the consolidation of stone column, DM column, and composite column-reinforced soft foundations. The effects of the modulus, permeability, plastic behavior, and partial penetration of columns on the rate of consolidation were studied.
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