Abstract
A mathematical model for composite ground improved with granular piles with a high replacement ratio is presented, accounting for the overlapping smear zones, horizontal and vertical permeability coefficients of piles, and time- and depth- dependent surcharge stress in the foundation. Subsequently, solutions for excess pore-water pressure, settlement, and consolidation degree of composite ground are derived analytically using the finite sine Fourier transform. The correctness of the solutions is assessed by comparing with the degenerated cases and numerical results obtained by the finite difference method. Parametric studies are conducted to explore the influence of parameters, such as the loading time, radial permeability coefficient of piles, and overlapping smear zones on the consolidation rate of the foundation and the dissipation process of excess pore-water pressure. Results show that the overlapping smear zones and smaller radial hydraulic resistance of piles can slow down the consolidation rate of composite ground. Furthermore, the optimal layout spacing of piles under different conditions is discussed through numerical analyses. Based on a comprehensive consideration of accelerating the consolidation rate and reducing the total foundation settlement, this investigation provides some reference values of the optimal pile spacing for use in design.
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