Abstract
Meknes region is a Moroccan olive-processing area generating high amounts of non-valorized Olive Mill Waste (OMW). Fungi are natural decomposers producing varied enzyme classes and effectively contributing to the carbon cycle. However, structural complexity of biomass and modest performances of wild fungi are major limits for local biorefineries. The objective of current research is to assess the ability of local fungi for bioethanol production from OMW using Consolidated Bioprocessing (CBP). This is done by characterizing lignocellulolytic potential of six wood-decay and compost-inhabiting ascomycetes and selecting potent fermentation biocatalysts. High and diversified activities were expressed by Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum: 9.36 IU. mL−1 and 2.88 IU. mL−1 total cellulase activity, 0.54 IU. mL−1 and 0.57 IU. mL−1 laccase activity, respectively, and 8.43 IU. mL−1 lignin peroxidase activity for the latter. F. oxysporum had maximum bioethanol production and yield of 2.47 g.L-1 and 0.84 g.g−1, respectively, qualifying it as an important bio-agent for single-pot local biorefinery.
Highlights
The world’s industrialization rhythm and technological advancements have led to an environmental crisis over the last several decades
Olive Mill Waste (OMW) analysis resulted in a rich fraction of ethanol-soluble extractives, which constitutes a good non-structural source for the initial growth of fungi
The structure of this biomass is abundant with acid-insoluble lignin (Kalson lignin), up to 37.73 Æ 0.65 %
Summary
The world’s industrialization rhythm and technological advancements have led to an environmental crisis over the last several decades. The high energy demand, decreasing natural pools of fossil resources, toxic effluents directly rejected in the environment and traditional product design and life cycle (from cradle to grave) are, among others, main factors that made the environmental situation a serious emergency [1,2]. Since the declaration of the United Nation’s sustainable development goals in 2015, this issue has become of major concern, and many countries established objectives towards the transition to green energy sources and closing the production loops to reach sustainability. Lignocellulose is the most abundant waste on earth and is a common agricultural and food processing by-product directly thrown in nature and non-valorized [3]. Its biotransformation using microorganisms reduces the competition tension on food-grade resources and enables the production of industriallyvaluable enzymes, green biofuels, and a set of highly-wanted platform molecules for bio-based chemistry [4]
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