Consideration on Use of the Corn Plant Ash-Based Concrete related to the Salt and Acid Attack: A Review

Abstract

Many concrete buildings are found around the seashore, such as bridges, ports, piers, jetty, break water, etc. During the service life, contact between concrete and seawater cannot be avoided. The seawater can cause damage to concrete. This condition can affect the durability of concrete, which in turn will reduce the mechanical properties and structural performance of concrete. In addition, rainwater can be acidic, which caused of large number of industries or factories in Indonesia, motor vehicle emissions, forest fires, volcanic eruptions, etc. Some of chemicals contained in acid rain include sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4), nitric acid (HNO 3), and chloride acid (HCl). Acid solution also can give rise to deterioration to the concrete constructions. It is necessary to develop a concrete technology that can inhibit or resist the attack of these salts and acids. But the adding cement is not the solution. Currently, many researches are being carried out on how waste or garbage can be utilized as a cementitious material, which is expected able to improve the quality of concrete, and be environmentally friendly. In this research, the corn plant waste is considered as the material to be investigated that related to the concrete durability due to the salt and acid attack.