Conserving What? — The basis for nature conservation reserves in New South Wales 1967-1989

Abstract

With the establishment of the National Parks and Wildlife Service in New South Wales in 1967 a major programme commenced to establish a comprehensive reserve system for nature conservation as well as other purposes. As at 30 June, 1988 this system consisted of 68 National Parks, 185 Nature Reserves, 22 State Recreation Areas, 13 Historic Sites and nine Aboriginal Areas covering 3.7 million hectares or about 4.62% of the land area of New South Wales (NPWS 1988). Much of the conservation biology literature which examines the principles of reserve design (e.g., Soule and Wilcox 1980; Soule 1986; Simberloff 1986) focuses on the operational principles in designing reserve boundaries and size without canvassing the threshold question of exactly what is it that we seek to conserve in their establishment. All too often the absence of debate on the range of options and choices in defining the underlying philosophy of what we are seeking to conserve in nature reserves obscures the significant implications of the ch...