Abstract
The orang‐utan Pongo pygmaeus ssp is an Asian great ape which is now only found on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra. In North America in 1982 a Species Survival Plan (SSP) programme was initiated which, over the next 100 years, aims to maintain c. 91% of the original genetic diversity of the captive populations of Bornean Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus and c. 94% of Sumatran Pongo pygmaeus abelii orang‐utans. There is some controversy over the genetic evidence of distinct subspeciation but in 1985 the SSP adopted a moratorium on the reproduction of subspecific hybrids. The SSP has encouraged various initiatives in North American zoos which house orang‐utans to provide direct support to in situ field conservation and research projects in Indonesia and Malaysia, including a fund‐raising programme at Zoo Atlanta and a Population and Habitat Viability Analysis (PHVA) in Sumatra.
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