Consequences of Surgical Site Infections, Bacterial Etiologies and Associated Factors among Post-Operative Patients in a Tertiary Level Hospital

Abstract

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are infections that occurs one month after a surgery or one year after implant surgery or surgical procedure, either at the injury site or near the injury site. Surgical Site Infections are still a major global problem, especially in developing countries, where they cause increased morbidity and mortality. There is a dearth of information regarding SSIs, about its magnitude, bacteriological aetiologies and associated factors in this study hospital. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study to see the correlation among sterilization, antibiotic resistance and malnutrition with surgical site infection in a tertiary level hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital. Informed written consent, detailed history, physical examination and necessary investigations were performed. Total 160 admitted patients undergoing different surgical procedure were included in this study, irrespective of their age, sex, race and ethnic group. Data were collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed by the SPSS 25. Results: Average age of all patient was 36.10±12.15 years (range: 13-65 years), wherein maximum patients were aged <40 years, male gender (56.3%), had normal BMI (61.3%) and non-smoker (62.07%). About 1/4th patients had diabetes mellitus. Maximum patients had undergone abdominal surgery (34.4%) followed by orthopedics and traumatology (20.6%), General surgery other than abdominal surgery (18.8%), Neurosurgery (13.8%), Vascular surgery (12.5%). Pre-operative waiting period for surgery was <3 days in most of the cases (48.8%), followed by 3-7 days (31.3%) and >7 days (20%). Mean operation duration was 1.49±0.73 hours. Twenty-nine patients (18%) developed SSI, of which 7% had deep incisional SSI, 6% had superficial incisional SSI and 5% had organ/space SSI. SSI culture reports showed that majority ....