Consequences of high-sensitivity troponin T testing applied in a primary care population with chest pain compared with a commercially available point-of-care troponin T analysis: an observational prospective study

Eva Landberg,Jan-Erik Karlsson,Staffan Nilsson,Karin Festin,Per O Andersson

doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1174-0

Abstract

BackgroundThere is a demand for a highly sensitive and specific point-of care test to detect acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is unclear if a high-sensitivity troponin assay will have enough discriminative power to become a decision support in primary care. The aim of this study was to evaluate a high-sensitivity troponin T assay performed in three primary health care centres in southeast Sweden and to compare the outcome with a point-of-care troponin T test.MethodsThis study included 115 patients who consulted their general practitioner for chest pain, dyspnoea on exertion, unexplained weakness and/or fatigue in the last 7 days. Troponin T was analysed by a point-of-care test and a high-sensitivity method together with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and creatinine. All patients were checked for AMI or unstable angina (UA) within 30 days of study enrolment. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was carried out to examine possible connections between troponin T ≥ 15 ng/L, clinical variables and laboratory findings at baseline. In addition, 21 patients with troponin T ≥ 15 ng/L and no signs of AMI or UA were followed up for 2–3 years.ResultsThree patients were diagnosed with AMI and three with UA. At the ≥ 15 ng/L cut-off, the troponin T method had 100% sensitivity, 75% specificity for AMI and a positive predictive value of 10%. The troponin T point-of-care test missed one case of AMI and the detection limit was 50 ng/L. Troponin T ≥ 15 ng/L was correlated to age ≥65 years (odds ratio (OR), 10.9 95% CI 2.28–51.8) and NT-proBNP in accordance with heart failure (OR 8.62 95% CI 1.61–46.1). Fourteen of the 21 patients, without signs of AMI or UA at baseline, still had increased troponin T at follow-up after 2–3 years.ConclusionsA high-sensitivity troponin T assay could become useful in primary care as a point-of-care test for patients <65 years. For patients older than 65–70 years, a higher decision limit than ≥15 ng/L should be considered and used in conjunction with clinical parameters and possibly with NT-proBNP.

Highlights

There is a demand for a highly sensitive and specific point-of care test to detect acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
We found that the use of a commercially available point-of-care test (POCT) for Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) may reduce emergency referrals but at the cost of a number of missed cases of AMI or unstable angina (UA) [11]
We found that NTproBNP above a level in accordance with heart failure had a strong correlation to a cTnT level of ≥15 ng/L, whereas the clinical diagnosis of heart failure had not

Summary

Introduction

There is a demand for a highly sensitive and specific point-of care test to detect acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is unclear if a high-sensitivity troponin assay will have enough discriminative power to become a decision support in primary care. This is important in primary care, because AMI is more often not the cause of chest pain in this population [3, 4]. Poor specificity of hs-cTnT has been an issue in several studies and falsely increased cTnT is common in older patients with decreased renal function [5, 12]

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