Abstract
The study was aimed to determine the chronic toxicity of Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon – Anthracene in response to pigments and metabolic study on three different cyanobacterial species such as Synechocystis sp., Anabaena fertilissima, and Nostoc muscorum. Test organisms were treated at different doses and encountered LC50/Mean Lethal Concentration (at which 50% lethality/ growth reduction occur) separately at 7.0 ppm for Synechocystis sp, 5.0 ppm for Anabaena fertilissima and 1.5 ppm for Nostoc muscorum. The influence of anthracene on pigments, metabolites and enzymes was carried out. The test doses caused concentration dependent and decreased pigments like carotenoids and phycobilliproteins. Depletion of carbohydrate by 65 to 80% and proteins by 58 to 78% was encountered with rise in Anthracene concentrations after 16th day exposure in case of Synechocystis sp however, phenols were found to raise by 26 to 37% with increased anthracene concentrations. Similar trend also observed in other two tested blue green algae. Thus the Synechocystis sp.is more tolerant to anthracene treatments as compare to Anabaena fertillissima but Nostoc muscorum showed highest sensitivity to anthracene.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 381-386
Highlights
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic compounds with two or more aromatic rings
Anthracene is tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that are found in high concentrations in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated sediments, surface soils, and waste sites
Three concentrations for each species were selected for the present investigation to carry out the response to selected cyanobacteria i.e one is LC50 concentration, another is lower and the third is higher to LC50 concentration..Growth, pigments and biochemical response of three selected cyanobacteria to anthracene was studied at an interval of four days up to sixteen days
Summary
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic compounds with two or more aromatic rings. Many past studies show that PAHs with lower molecular weight are toxic compounds, while high molecular weight compounds are significantly genotoxic (Juhaaz et al, 2000) These hydrophobic contaminants are widely distributed in the environment, occurring as natural constituents of fossil fuels and their anthropogenic pyrolysis products (Cerniglia 1992; Kanaly and Harayama, 2000). A variety of bacterial species have been isolated that have the ability to utilize anthracene or phenanthrene as the sole source of carbon and energy (Sutherland et al, 1995) The fates of these compounds in the environment and the remediation of PAH-contaminated sites are, of high scientific and public interest. Some bacterial genera including Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes,Vibrio,Mycobacterium,Rhodococcus,Cyclocla sticus are degrade PAHs used as carbon source to derive energy (Berardesco et al.,1998)
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