Consequences of Circadian Disruption in Shift Workers on Chrononutrition and their Psychosocial Well-Being

Nor Amira Syahira Mohd Azmi,Norsham Juliana,Nadia Effendy,Srijit Das,Sahar Azmani,Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng

doi:10.3390/ijerph17062043

Abstract

The workers and employees in various institutions are subjected to different shifts and work schedules. The employees work not only at daytime but also during odd hours at night. The biological clock of an individual is often altered during night shifts. This affects the psychosocial well-being and circadian nutritional intake of the worker. Disturbance in circadian rhythm results in the development of metabolic disorders such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, and abdominal obesity. In the present review, we discuss the nature of shift work, sleep/wake cycle of an individual, chrononutrition, dietary habits, and meal changes with regard to timing and frequency, related to shift work. We also discuss the relationship between nutritional intake and psychosocial well-being among shift workers. The review may be beneficial for prevention of metabolic disorders and maintaining sound psychological condition in shift workers.

Highlights

Throughout the world, twenty-four-hour services are a thriving part of the community
The results and discussion section outlines the nature of shift work, sleep/wake cycle, chrononutrition, daytime meal, late-night meal, dietary habit and meal changes due to shift work, altered sleep/wake cycle and nutritional intake, psycho-social well-being and nature of work, as well as the relationship of nutritional intake and psychosocial well-being among shift workers
The nutritional intake and psychosocial well-being in shift workers need further attention

Summary

Introduction

Throughout the world, twenty-four-hour services are a thriving part of the community. In order to meet the continuous demand of the urban world, crucial services are established by several industries and business establishments, which operate on 24 h basis. It is a necessity for many industries, including healthcare, transport, mining, and aviation, to have staff available for 24 h a day. These industries demand workers to perform significant tasks over a 24 h period [1]. Working in shifts leads to an alteration in the biological clock. This affects the psychosocial well-being and circadian nutritional intake. Chrononutrition is a new area of study that emphasizes the interaction between nutritional intake and time of eating [3]

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Conclusion