Abstract
This study aimed to determine the associations between parental monitoring and affection and three adolescent lifestyle aspects: constructive leisure, non-constructive leisure and substance use. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four countries (Chile, Mexico, Spain and Peru). Adolescents aged 12–15 self-completed a multi-purpose questionnaire. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to analyse the association between the parental monitoring and affection variables and the outcomes in terms of the children’s lifestyles. The results indicate that parental monitoring is conducive to more constructive leisure and less non-constructive leisure and seems to be conducive to the prevention of substance use. Furthermore, parental affection is conducive to constructive leisure and the prevention of substance use. The discussion focuses on the fact that the family can be a protective resource associated with positive adolescent development.
Highlights
The adolescent stage has been considered a turbulent and conflictive growth period [1,2,3]characterised by problems and submersion in an inevitable biological storm [4]
The data obtained suggest that both monitoring and parental affection are associated with a greater frequency of constructive leisure activities
The results show an association between parental monitoring and less non-constructive leisure activities, but no clear association was found between parental affection and this type of leisure
Summary
The adolescent stage has been considered a turbulent and conflictive growth period [1,2,3]characterised by problems and submersion in an inevitable biological storm [4]. Deficit models focus on pathology and identify the problems and imbalances of this growth stage [5]. Since the end of the 20th century, a change of focus has been observed in development theories [4]. This change in approach has led to a new model focussed on positive development and competence during adolescence [5,6,7]. This new approach holds that an adequate transition to adulthood requires more than the avoidance of risky behaviours and requires the achievement of evolutionary achievements [2].
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