Abstract
A formula is obtained which relates the isomer shifts in the Mossbauer spectra to the electronic structure of tin in its compounds. It is shown that these formulas describe the isomer shifts of various kinds of chemical compounds: tetravalent tin with π-bonding (tin tetrahalides), tetravalent tin with no π-bonding (compounds in which the tin is bound to alkyl, aryl, or metal carbonyl radicals), divalent tin, etc. The formulas are used to analyze the electronic structures of tin in compounds of these classes. It is shown that in tetravalent tin compounds with π-bonding the isomer shift in the negative direction (with respect to α-Sn) is due to the decreased number of 5s-valence electrons, and in the absence of π-bonding, by an increase in the number of 5s-valence electrons.
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