Abstract
Nickel catalysts supported by diethylamine- or aza-crown ether-containing aminophosphinite (NCOP) pincer ligands catalyze the insertion of benzaldehyde into a C–H bond of acetonitrile. The catalytic activity of neutral (NCOP)Ni(OtBu) and cationic [(NCOP)Ni(NCCH3)]+ are starkly different. The neutral tert-butoxide precatalysts are active without any added base and give good yields of product after 24 h, while the cationic precatalysts require a base cocatalyst and still operate much more slowly (120 h in typical runs). A series of in situ spectroscopic studies identified several intermediates, including a nickel cyanoalkoxide complex that was observed in all of the reactions regardless of the choice of precatalyst. Reaction monitoring also revealed that the neutral tert-butoxide precatalysts decompose to form the cationic acetonitrile complex during catalysis; this deactivation involves alkoxide abstraction and can be hastened by the addition of lithium salts. While the deactivated cationic species is inac...
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