Abstract
Crude oil, which exported to refineries, already contains salt, water, and fouling crude oil received with salt content not less than 50 ppm. Dewania refinery with a capacity of 20,000 BPSD, which serves with two crude distillation units, each unit with a capacity of 10,000 BPSD, which operate without crude desalter. In an aim to reduce the effects of salts, water and, fouling associated with crude oil, two crude distillation units connected with one crude oil desalter with a capacity of 20,000 BPSD (one desalter). crude oil desalter transferred from (Daura Refinery) to Dewania refinery, in aim to reduce salt content from 50ppm to 5 ppm and mitigate water and other fouling. Crude oil desalter installed in the middle distance between two crude distillations units (90 m from each unit isometric piping). Crude oil, which is pumped by a charge pump to preheated in crude oil distillation unit with a train of heat exchangers. When the pipeline size increased from 4″ to 6″, which reduces the pressure dropped from 0.946 to 0.15 bar for each transfer pipeline and in consequence, the total pressure drop reduces from 11.011 to 10.215 bar for the whole unit. In an aim to reduce the heat dissipated from surface of transfer pipeline. Each transfer pipeline insulated with calcium silicate insulator, the thickness of insulator increased from 38mm to 50mm in an aim to reduce heat loss from −101.56 watts/m to −84.282 watts/m, which reduced temperature difference between the surface pipeline and environment from 13 to 10°C.
Highlights
Crude oil, is extracted from the deep earth [1], and consist of a mixture of hydrocarbons contains many associated materials like salt, water, metals, and fouling [1]
Crude oil desalter (COD) reduces salt content from 50 to 5 PPM [1], de – emulsifier and, water injected to the crude oil streamline after preheated by heat exchangers train to at least 120° C [2, 3], and enter to COD, heat reduces the viscosity of crude oil in aim to simplify water removal
Two CDUs were connected to COD at Dewania refinery with a capacity of 10,000 BPSD each, which makes the total capacity of 20,000 BPSD where the COD with a capacity of 20,000 BPSD
Summary
Crude oil, is extracted from the deep earth [1], and consist of a mixture of hydrocarbons contains many associated materials like salt, water, metals, and fouling [1]. These associated materials can be considered harmful materials for the downstream process equipment; heat exchangers and heating furnaces [1, 2]. COD reduces salt content from 50 to 5 PPM [1], de – emulsifier and, water injected to the crude oil streamline after preheated by heat exchangers train to at least 120° C [2, 3], and enter to COD, heat reduces the viscosity of crude oil in aim to simplify water removal. Crude oil exits from the top through the perforated pipe, effluent water exits from the bottom [11, 12]
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