Abstract
Conjunctival goblet cells (CGCs) are specialized goblet-shaped cells located interspersed in the conjunctival epithelium. Their main function is to produce and secrete soluble mucins into the tear film that bathes the ocular surface. Being hydrophilic, mucins improve tear film stability, ocular surface wettability, lubrication, and clearance of pathogens, allergens, and debris. The ocular surface health, and consequently proper sight, depends on maintenance of requisite numbers and functions of CGCs, which are affected in various ocular surface diseases. In this article we will describe the (i) structure and functions of CGCs, (ii) signaling cascades that regulate CGC development and functions, (iii) effect of different ocular surface disorders on CGCs, and (iv) therapeutic approaches for promoting CGC proliferation and/or function to treat ocular surface disorders that impact the CGCs.
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