Conjugated linoleic acid does not affect digestion and absorption of fat and starch—a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled parallel study

Abstract

Objective: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is known as a potent agent for altering body weight and composition. However, its effect on the process of digestion is still unknown. The aim of this study has been to elucidate the effect of a 3-month supplementation with CLA on starch and fat digestion and absorption in humans. Approach: The study included 74 obese and overweight adults who were randomized to receive 3.0 g of CLA or sunflower oil as placebo daily for 3 months. Digestion and absorption of fat and starch was assessed using non-invasive breath tests with a stable 13C isotope (cumulative percentage dose recovery, CPDR) before and after the supplementation period. To exclude the effect of oxidation, in addition total energy expenditure (TTE) was measured by a 13C bicarbonate breath test. Results: The changes in CPDR values (∆CPDR median 〈interquartile range〉) were no different between subjects from the CLA group and the placebo group (fat: −0.2 〈−9.1–4.1〉 versus 0.6 〈−7.0–8.0〉, p < 0.4796; starch: −1.3 〈−9.5–2.4〉 versus −1.0 〈−5.1–1.7〉, p < 0.5520, respectively). The incidence of negative and positive values of ∆CPDR was no different between groups [for fat: 53.1% versus 46.7%, RR 1.138, (95% CI 0.689-1.882) and for starch: 67.7% versus 56.7%, RR 1.195, (95% CI 0.804–1.777)]. The changes in TTE did not differ between the CLA and the placebo group (respectively 1 〈48; 267〉 versus −8 〈−120;93〉 kcal; p < 0.2728). Conclusion: Supplementation with CLA for 3 months did not affect fat and starch digestion assessed by 13C mixed triglyceride breath test and 13C starch breath test.